18,299 research outputs found
Three-dimensional Roton-Excitations and Supersolid formation in Rydberg-excited Bose-Einstein Condensates
We study the behavior of a Bose-Einstein condensate in which atoms are weakly
coupled to a highly excited Rydberg state. Since the latter have very strong
van der Waals interactions, this coupling induces effective, nonlocal
interactions between the dressed ground state atoms, which, opposed to dipolar
interactions, are isotropically repulsive. Yet, one finds partial attraction in
momentum space, giving rise to a roton-maxon excitation spectrum and a
transition to a supersolid state in three-dimensional condensates. A detailed
analysis of decoherence and loss mechanisms suggests that these phenomena are
observable with current experimental capabilities.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Magnetic double refraction in piezoelectrics
A new type of magneto-optical effect in piezoelectrics is predicted. A low
frequency behavior of Faraday effect is found.Comment: 2 pages, to be published in Europhys. Lett
VII, III, VI
Operadic Lax representations for the harmonic oscillator are used to
construct the quantum counterparts of some 3d real Lie algebras in Bianchi
classification. The Jacobians of these quantum algebras are studied. It is
conjectured that the tangent algebras of these quantum algebras are the
Heisenberg algebra. From this it follows that the volume element in
is quantized by ,
(). Thus, the elementary (minimal) length in this model is
.Comment: LaTeX2e, 9pp, 10 Refs. v10: the original version restored and
improved, Refs updated. Text proceeds arXiv:0901.4064, arXiv:0807.0428,
arXiv:0806.134
Phase separation in the vicinity of "quantum critical" doping concentration: implications for high temperature superconductors
A general quantitative measure of the tendency towards phase separation is
introduced for systems exhibiting phase transitions or crossovers controlled by
charge carrier concentration. This measure is devised for the situations when
the quantitative knowledge of various contributions to free energy is
incomplete, and is applied to evaluate the chances of electronic phase
separation associated with the onset of antiferromagnetic correlations in
high-temperature cuprate superconductors. The experimental phenomenology of
lanthanum- and yittrium-based cuprates was used as input to this analysis. It
is also pointed out that Coulomb repulsion between charge carriers separated by
the distances of 1-3 lattice periods strengthens the tendency towards phase
separation by accelerating the decay of antiferromagnetic correlations with
doping. Overall, the present analysis indicates that cuprates are realistically
close to the threshold of phase separation -- nanoscale limited or even
macroscopic with charge density varying between adjacent crystal planes
Temperature-dependent resistivity of suspended graphene
In this paper we investigate the electron-phonon contribution to the
resistivity of suspended single layer graphene. In-plane as well as flexural
phonons are addressed in different temperature regimes. We focus on the
intrinsic electron-phonon coupling due to the interaction of electrons with
elastic deformations in the graphene membrane. The competition between screened
deformation potential vs fictitious gauge field coupling is discussed, together
with the role of tension in the suspended flake. In the absence of tension,
flexural phonons dominate the phonon contribution to the resistivity at any
temperature with a and dependence at low and high
temperatures, respectively. Sample-specific tension suppresses the contribution
due to flexural phonons, yielding a linear temperature dependence due to
in-plane modes. We compare our results with recent experiments.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figure
High temperature expansion applied to fermions near Feshbach resonance
We show that, apart from a difference in scale, all of the surprising
recently observed properties of a degenerate Fermi gas near a Feshbach
resonance persist in the high temperature Boltzmann regime. In this regime, the
Feshbach resonance is unshifted. By sweeping across the resonance, a thermal
distribution of bound states (molecules) can be reversibly generated.
Throughout this process, the interaction energy is negative and continuous. We
also show that this behavior must persist at lower temperatures unless there is
a phase transition as the temperature is lowered. We rigorously demonstrate
universal behavior near the resonance.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures (3 color, 1 BW), RevTeX4; ver4 -- updated
references, changed title -- version accepted for publication in Physical
Review Letter
The bound on viscosity and the generalized second law of thermodynamics
We describe a new paradox for ideal fluids. It arises in the accretion of an
\textit{ideal} fluid onto a black hole, where, under suitable boundary
conditions, the flow can violate the generalized second law of thermodynamics.
The paradox indicates that there is in fact a lower bound to the correlation
length of any \textit{real} fluid, the value of which is determined by the
thermodynamic properties of that fluid. We observe that the universal bound on
entropy, itself suggested by the generalized second law, puts a lower bound on
the correlation length of any fluid in terms of its specific entropy. With the
help of a new, efficient estimate for the viscosity of liquids, we argue that
this also means that viscosity is bounded from below in a way reminiscent of
the conjectured Kovtun-Son-Starinets lower bound on the ratio of viscosity to
entropy density. We conclude that much light may be shed on the
Kovtun-Son-Starinets bound by suitable arguments based on the generalized
second law.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure, published versio
Solution of the Dyson--Schwinger equation on de Sitter background in IR limit
We propose an ansatz which solves the Dyson-Schwinger equation for the real
scalar fields in Poincare patch of de Sitter space in the IR limit. The
Dyson-Schwinger equation for this ansatz reduces to the kinetic equation, if
one considers scalar fields from the principal series. Solving the latter
equation we show that under the adiabatic switching on and then off the
coupling constant the Bunch-Davies vacuum relaxes in the future infinity to the
state with the flat Gibbons-Hawking density of out-Jost harmonics on top of the
corresponding de Sitter invariant out-vacuum.Comment: 20 pages, including 4 pages of Appendix. Acknowledgements correcte
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